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ENT
The Audiological Evaluation of Otologic and Neurotologic Disease
Built from Haynes-Glasscock-Shambaugh Surgery of the Ear, Seventh Edition
What’s inside
8 sections · 90 slides
Overview
- Scope of the audiological evaluation
Classification of hearing disorders
- Organic and nonorganic hearing disorders
- Organic hearing loss: two mechanisms
- Functional hearing loss
- Audiometric hallmarks of functional hearing loss
- Lombard and Stenger tests
- Conductive hearing loss
- Sensorineural hearing loss
- Basilar membrane mechanics and audiogram shape
Pure-tone audiometry
- The basic audiological test battery
- Principles of pure-tone audiometry
- Classification of hearing status
- Testing children by developmental stage
- Transducer choice in standard audiometry
- Air conduction and bone conduction thresholds
- Audiogram patterns in the four types of hearing loss
- Mass and stiffness effects on the audiogram
- Audiometric features of sensorineural and mixed loss
- Audiogram configurations
- Configurations associated with sensorineural loss
- Rising, flat and cookie bite configurations
- Pitfalls of pure-tone audiometry
Masking and interaural attenuation
- Crossover and interaural attenuation
- Shadow curve
- Principle and effect of masking
Speech audiometry
- Purposes of speech audiometry
- Speech detection and speech recognition thresholds
- Agreement between SRT and pure-tone average
- Word recognition score
- Performance-intensity functions in four hearing categories
- PI function patterns by site of lesion
- Rollover index
Immittance testing
- Role of acoustic immittance in the battery
- Tympanometry: instrumentation and principle
- Tympanometric peak pressure
- Tympanogram types
- Quantitative tympanometric measures
- Normal ranges of equivalent ear canal volume (ECV), static acoustic admittance, and tympanometric width (TW)
- Type A tympanogram and its variants
- Type Ad tympanogram
- Type B tympanogram and ear canal volume
- Type C tympanogram
- Acoustic stapedial reflex: ipsilateral arc
- Contralateral reflex pathway
- Acoustic reflex threshold
- Reflex patterns in conductive hearing loss
- Reflex patterns in cochlear hearing loss
- Reflex patterns in retrocochlear disease
- Brain stem and facial nerve reflex patterns
- Acoustic reflex decay
Specialized testing
- Indications for specialized testing
- Origin of otoacoustic emissions
- Categories of otoacoustic emission
- Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions
- Criteria for a present TEOAE response
- Distortion product otoacoustic emissions
- Interpreting distortion product emissions
- Clinical uses of the auditory brain stem response
- Normal auditory brain stem response waveforms
- Generators of the ABR waveform
- Recording the ABR
- Choice of stimulus in neurodiagnostic ABR
- Variables affecting ABR results
- Anaesthetic and physiological effects on the ABR
- Normal adult absolute latencies
- Interwave latencies and interaural latency difference
- ABR findings in conductive hearing loss
- ABR findings in cochlear hearing loss
- Equivocal ABR findings and the absent wave I
- ABR findings in retrocochlear disease
- Complete absence of the ABR response
Synthesis
- Test findings that point to retrocochlear disease
- Findings that localise to the middle ear
- Summary
- References
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
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- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- Haynes-Glasscock-Shambaugh Surgery of the Ear, Seventh Edition
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