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Radiology
Chest, Thyroid, Parathyroid, and Neonatal Brain Ultrasound
Built from Fundamentals of Diagnostic Radiology
What’s inside
5 sections · 110 slides
Overview
- Ultrasound as a problem-solving tool
- Four body areas covered in this topic
Chest
Pleural space, lung parenchyma, and mediastinum
- Pleural space — how it is examined
- Normal pleural space findings
- Pleural space: intercostal scan
- Pleural space: abdominal scan
- Pleural fluid findings
- Echogenic pleural effusion
- Pleural thickening
- Pleural thickening
- Pleural masses
- Mesothelioma
- Pneumothorax on ultrasound
- Lung parenchyma — normal anatomy
- Lung consolidation
- Lung consolidation
- Atelectasis
- Atelectasis
- Lung masses and nodules
- Peripheral lung nodule
- Pulmonary sequestration
- Mediastinum — normal anatomy
- Mediastinal vascular lesions
- Mediastinal masses
- Mediastinal mass
Thyroid
Normal anatomy, nodules, and diffuse disease
- Thyroid imaging — role
- How US is used in thyroid disease
- Normal thyroid anatomy
- Normal thyroid ultrasound anatomy
- The esophagus is not a nodule
- Normal esophagus
- 4–8%
- The nodule problem
- TI-RADS overview
- TI-RADS categories for thyroid nodule findings
- TI-RADS scoring, classification, and recommendations
- Nodule features — composition
- Colloid cyst — comet tail artifact
- Nodule features — Doppler, echogenicity, shape
- Nodule features — margins and extension
- Hypoechoic, lobulated, spiculated margins
- Nodule features — echogenic foci
- Punctate echogenic foci
- Nodule features — size and growth
- TI-RADS nodule features at a glance
- Adenomatous (colloid) nodules
- Mixed cystic and solid nodule
- Follicular adenoma
- Follicular neoplasm
- True cysts and hemorrhage
- 75–80%
- Papillary thyroid carcinoma
- Follicular thyroid carcinoma
- Medullary thyroid carcinoma
- Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
- Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
- Thyroid cancer staging
- Recurrence of thyroid cancer
- Recurrent thyroid cancer
- Thyroid lymphoma and metastasis
- Goiter
- Nontoxic and adenomatous goiter
- Hashimoto thyroiditis
- Hashimoto thyroiditis
- Graves disease
- Graves disease — thyroid inferno
- Other thyroiditis
Parathyroid
Localization in hyperparathyroidism
- Parathyroid imaging — role
- Normal parathyroid anatomy
- Causes of primary hyperparathyroidism
- Hyperparathyroidism — clinical picture
- Parathyroid adenoma
- Parathyroid adenoma
- Parathyroid hyperplasia and carcinoma
- Parathyroid carcinoma
- Ectopic parathyroid glands
- Ectopic parathyroid adenoma
Neonatal Neurosonography
Normal anatomy and hypoxic–ischemic injury
- Neonatal head ultrasound — role
- Normal cranial ultrasound — technique
- Normal cranial ultrasound — coronal plane
- Normal cranial ultrasound — sagittal planes
- Normal cranial ultrasound — axial plane
- Hypoxic–ischemic injury in premature infants
- Germinal matrix
- Germinal matrix hemorrhage (GMH)
- Papile classification of germinal matrix hemorrhage
- Papile grading of germinal matrix hemorrhage
- Grade I germinal matrix hemorrhage
- Grade II germinal matrix hemorrhage
- Grade III germinal matrix hemorrhage
- Grade IV germinal matrix hemorrhage — porencephaly
- Evolved grade I germinal matrix hemorrhage
- GMH — complications
- Corticospinal tracts
- Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL)
- Periventricular leukomalacia on ultrasound
- Periventricular leukomalacia
- Neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy
- Neurodevelopmental outcomes
- Meningitis
- Meningitis
- TORCH congenital infections
- Congenital brain abnormalities
- Takeaways — chest ultrasound
- Takeaways — thyroid and parathyroid
- Takeaways — neonatal brain
- References
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- Brant and Helms' Fundamentals of Diagnostic Radiology