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Dermatology

ENZYME DEFICIENCY DISEASES

Built from Dermatology, 5th Edition

What’s inside

4 sections · 167 slides

  1. 01

    Overview

    • What this topic covers

    1 slide

  2. 02

    Enzyme Deficiency Diseases

    Inherited metabolic disorders in which a missing enzyme lets a substance build up and damage the skin and other organs

    • What an enzyme deficiency disease is
    • Alkaptonuria: what goes wrong
    • Alkaptonuria: clinical features
    • Clinical features of alkaptonuria
    • Alkaptonuria: diagnosis and treatment
    • Biotinidase and holocarboxylase synthetase deficiencies
    • Biotin deficiencies: skin and other features
    • Biotin deficiencies: diagnosis and treatment
    • Fabry disease: what goes wrong
    • Fabry disease: early clinical features
    • Fabry disease: angiokeratomas
    • Angiokeratomas of Fabry disease
    • Angiokeratomas of Fabry disease, bathing-trunk distribution
    • Fabry disease: organ involvement over time
    • Clinical features of Fabry disease and fucosidosis
    • Fabry disease: diagnosis and treatment
    • Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum: more than just Fabry disease
    • Inherited metabolic disorders associated with angiokeratoma corporis diffusum
    • Inherited metabolic disorders associated with angiokeratoma corporis diffusum (continued)
    • Fucosidosis
    • Fucosidosis: diagnosis and treatment
    • Gaucher disease: what goes wrong
    • Gaucher disease type 1
    • Gaucher disease types 2 and 3
    • Gaucher disease: diagnosis and treatment
    • Hartnup disease: what goes wrong
    • Hartnup disease: clinical features
    • Hartnup disease: diagnosis and treatment
    • Mitochondrial disorders: what goes wrong
    • How a respiratory chain defect reaches the skin
    • Mitochondrial disorders: common features
    • Cutaneous manifestations of mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders
    • Mitochondrial disorders: diagnosis and treatment
    • Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (Niemann-Pick disease)
    • Niemann-Pick disease: types B and C, and skin findings
    • Niemann-Pick disease: diagnosis and treatment
    • Phenylketonuria: what goes wrong
    • Phenylketonuria: skin and body clues
    • Phenylketonuria with sclerodermoid skin changes
    • Phenylketonuria: screening and treatment
    • Enzyme deficiency diseases: key takeaways

    41 slides

  3. 03

    Premature Aging Syndromes and Poikilodermas

    Rare genetic disorders that accelerate aging, and what they teach us about normal aging

    • Progeroid syndromes: the big picture
    • Facial poikiloderma in Rothmund-Thomson syndrome
    • Comparing the progeroid syndromes
    • Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome: clinical profile
    • Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome: clinical profile (continued)
    • Werner syndrome: clinical profile
    • Werner syndrome: clinical profile (continued)
    • MDPL syndrome: clinical profile
    • MDPL syndrome: clinical profile (continued)
    • Penttinen syndrome: clinical profile
    • Penttinen syndrome: clinical profile (continued)
    • Néstor–Guillermo progeria syndrome: clinical profile
    • Néstor–Guillermo progeria syndrome: clinical profile (continued)
    • Acrogeria (Gottron syndrome) : clinical profile
    • Acrogeria (Gottron syndrome) : clinical profile (continued)
    • Metageria: clinical profile
    • Metageria: clinical profile (continued)
    • Kindler syndrome (see Ch. 32 ): clinical profile
    • Kindler syndrome (see Ch. 32 ): clinical profile (continued)
    • Cockayne syndrome (see Ch. 87 ): clinical profile
    • Cockayne syndrome (see Ch. 87 ): clinical profile (continued)
    • Rothmund–Thomson syndrome (see Ch. 87 ): clinical profile
    • Rothmund–Thomson syndrome (see Ch. 87 ): clinical profile (continued)
    • Poikiloderma with neutropenia, Clericuzio type (“Navajo poikiloderma”): clinical profile
    • Poikiloderma with neutropenia, Clericuzio type (“Navajo poikiloderma”): clinical profile (continued)
    • Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS): overview
    • HGPS: the LMNA gene mutation
    • Pathogenesis of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome
    • HGPS: from progerin to premature aging
    • HGPS: early growth and skin changes
    • HGPS: face, hair, nails, and teeth
    • HGPS: skeleton and prognosis
    • HGPS: other findings, diagnosis, differential diagnosis
    • HGPS: treatment
    • HGPS: emerging therapies
    • LMNA and the nuclear envelope: one gene, many diseases
    • Nuclear envelopathies: disorder and inheritance
    • Nuclear envelopathies: disorder and inheritance (continued)
    • Nuclear envelopathies: disorder and inheritance (continued)
    • Werner syndrome: overview
    • Werner syndrome: mechanism
    • Werner syndrome: growth and face
    • Werner syndrome facial features
    • Werner syndrome: skin and ulcers
    • Werner syndrome: other systems and cancer risk
    • HGPS versus Werner syndrome
    • Werner syndrome: diagnosis and look-alikes
    • Werner syndrome: treatment
    • Premature aging syndromes: key takeaways

    49 slides

  4. 04

    Ectodermal Dysplasias

    Genetic disorders of the structures that all develop from the embryo's ectoderm: hair, teeth, nails, and sweat glands

    • Ectodermal dysplasias: definition
    • The four ectodermal structures
    • Ectodermal dysplasias: classification and pathways
    • Classic ectodermal dysplasias at a glance
    • Hypohidrotic ED : clinical profile
    • Hypohidrotic ED–immune deficiency: clinical profile
    • Hidrotic ED: clinical profile
    • Witkop tooth and nail syndrome: clinical profile
    • Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: overview
    • Hypohidrotic ED: the ectodysplasin pathway
    • The ectodysplasin signal transduction pathway
    • Hypohidrotic ED: newborn and skin findings
    • Male patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia
    • Male patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, additional views
    • Hypohidrotic ED: teeth, face, and other features
    • Female X-linked carriers: three patterns
    • Female patients with X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia
    • Hypohidrotic ED: pathology and differential diagnosis
    • Hypohidrotic ED: treatment
    • Hypohidrotic ED with immune deficiency (HED-ID): overview
    • HED-ID: clinical features
    • HED-ID: immune problems and treatment
    • Hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (Clouston syndrome): overview
    • Hidrotic ED: clinical features
    • Hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (Clouston syndrome)
    • Hidrotic ED: pathology, differential diagnosis, treatment
    • Witkop tooth and nail syndrome
    • Witkop tooth and nail syndrome: teeth and genetics
    • Witkop tooth and nail syndrome
    • AEC syndrome: overview
    • AEC syndrome: skin at birth
    • Ankyloblepharon-ectodermal defects-cleft lip/palate syndrome
    • AEC syndrome: healing pattern and eye/ear findings
    • AEC syndrome: clefting and other features
    • AEC syndrome: pathology, differential diagnosis, treatment
    • EEC syndrome: overview
    • Where the p63 mutation sits decides the syndrome
    • EEC syndrome: ectodermal and eye/ear features
    • Ectodermal dysplasia-ectrodactyly-clefting syndrome
    • EEC syndrome: ectrodactyly and internal anomalies
    • EEC syndrome: differential diagnosis and treatment
    • p63-related ectodermal dysplasia syndromes at a glance
    • AEC : clinical profile
    • EEC: clinical profile
    • Limb–mammary: clinical profile
    • ADULT: clinical profile
    • Other ectodermal dysplasias with a known molecular basis
    • Tricho-dento-osseous syndrome: clinical profile
    • Ellis–van Creveld syndrome: clinical profile
    • Cranioectodermal dysplasia (Sensenbrenner syndrome): clinical profile
    • Nectinopathies: cleft lip/palate ED (CLPED), ED-syndactyly (EDS): clinical profile
    • ED, ectrodactyly and macular dystrophy (EEM): clinical profile
    • Odonto-onycho-dermal dysplasia : clinical profile
    • Pure hair–nail type ED: clinical profile
    • Ectodermal dysplasias: key takeaways
    • Overall takeaways
    • References
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    • Dermatology, 5th Edition (2-Volume Set)

    76 slides