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Dermatology
Disorders of Hyperpigmentation
Built from Dermatology, 5th Edition
What’s inside
5 sections · 173 slides
Overview
- What this topic covers
- Classifying disorders of hyperpigmentation
Diffuse and Circumscribed Hyperpigmentation
Two big causes -- postinflammatory pigment and drug reactions -- can look either diffuse or circumscribed
- Introduction
- Hyperpigmentation from keratinocyte (epidermal) disorders
- Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH)
- Epidemiology and pathogenesis of PIH
- Epidermal vs dermal PIH
- Clinical appearance of PIH
- Five causes of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation
- Disorders that commonly lead to postinflammatory hyperpigmentation
- Disorders that commonly lead to postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (continued)
- Disorders that commonly lead to postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (continued)
- Disorders that commonly lead to postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (continued)
- Disorders that commonly lead to postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (continued)
- Disorders that commonly lead to postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (continued)
- Differential diagnosis of PIH
- Treating postinflammatory hyperpigmentation
- Pemphigus foliaceus with postinflammatory hyperpigmentation
- Erythema dyschromicum perstans (EDP)
- Pathogenesis and clinical course of EDP
- Ashy patches of erythema dyschromicum perstans
- Differential diagnosis and treatment of EDP
- Lichen planus pigmentosus (LPP)
- Lichen planus pigmentosus in a skin fold
- Associations, differential, and treatment of LPP
- Melasma
- 90%+
- What drives melasma
- Pathogenesis of melasma
- The three classic patterns of melasma
- Melasma in men and the role of Wood's lamp
- Malar melasma in a man
- Pathology of melasma
- Differential diagnosis of melasma
- Differential diagnosis of melasma (continued)
- Differential diagnosis of melasma (continued)
- Treatment options for melasma
- Treatment options for melasma (continued)
- Melasma treatment in practice
- Other circumscribed hyperpigmentation disorders
- Segmental pigmentation disorder
- Familial progressive hyperpigmentation and GIST
- Amyloidosis, mastocytosis, and other circumscribed causes
- Pigmented lesions: an overview
- Drug-induced hyperpigmentation or discoloration
- Drugs and chemicals associated with hyperpigmentation or discoloration
- Drugs and chemicals associated with hyperpigmentation or discoloration (continued)
- Drugs and chemicals associated with hyperpigmentation or discoloration (continued)
- Drugs and chemicals associated with hyperpigmentation or discoloration (continued)
- Drugs and chemicals associated with hyperpigmentation or discoloration (continued)
- Drugs and chemicals associated with hyperpigmentation or discoloration (continued)
- Drugs and chemicals associated with hyperpigmentation or discoloration (continued)
- Drugs and chemicals associated with hyperpigmentation or discoloration (continued)
- Drugs and chemicals associated with hyperpigmentation or discoloration (continued)
- Drugs and chemicals associated with hyperpigmentation or discoloration (continued)
- Drugs and chemicals associated with hyperpigmentation or discoloration (continued)
- Argyria: silver deposition in the skin
- Exogenous ochronosis from topical hydroquinone
- Minocycline-induced skin pigmentation
- Clofazimine discoloration over old leprosy lesions
- Minocycline pigmentation mistaken for bruising
- Minocycline pigmentation with a sharp colour line
- Other causes of diffuse hyperpigmentation
- Approach to diffuse hyperpigmentation in adults
Linear Hyperpigmentation
A streak or line of extra pigment -- the first question is always whether it follows the lines of Blaschko
- Approaching a linear pigmented streak
- Pigmentary demarcation lines (PDLs)
- Pigmentary demarcation lines on the arm and thigh
- The eight recognised types of pigmentary demarcation line
- Pigmentary demarcation lines mapped on the body
- Telling PDLs apart from disease
- Linear postinflammatory hyperpigmentation
- Phytophotodermatitis after citrus contact
- Linear epidermal phytophotodermatitis
- Phytophotodermatitis from lime juice
- Phytophotodermatitis streaks in a child
- Linear postinflammatory hyperpigmentation from scratching
- Disorders with linear hyperpigmentation
- Disorders with linear hyperpigmentation (continued)
- Other causes of a linear streak
- Flagellate pigmentation from bleomycin
- Why bleomycin causes streaked pigment
- Bleomycin pigmentation: dose and timing
- Flagellate (streaked) pigmentation from bleomycin
- Differential diagnosis and treatment
- Shiitake dermatitis (flagellate mushroom dermatitis)
- Cause and course of shiitake dermatitis
- Hyperpigmentation along the lines of Blaschko
- Linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis (LWNH)
- Pathogenesis and course of LWNH
- Linear and whorled nevoid hypermelanosis
- Working up suspected LWNH
- Light brown Blaschko-line streaks in LWNH
- Telling LWNH apart from other Blaschko-line disorders
- Histology: incontinentia pigmenti vs LWNH
- Linear pigmentation of Conradi-Hunermann-Happle syndrome
- Linear atrophoderma of Moulin
- Atrophoderma of Moulin
- Atrophoderma of Moulin on the thigh
- Incontinentia pigmenti (IP)
- Stage 3 incontinentia pigmenti
- A second case of stage 3 incontinentia pigmenti
Reticulated Hyperpigmentation
True reticulated (lattice / net-pattern) pigment disorders are rare -- most 'reticulated' skin is something more common
- What counts as true reticulated pigment
- Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis
- Erythema ab igne from chronic heat exposure
- Disorders that feature reticulated pigmentation
- Prurigo pigmentosa
- Prurigo pigmentosa: from crusted papules to reticulated pigment
- Prurigo pigmentosa clinical appearance
- Three stages and treatment of prurigo pigmentosa
- Treating prurigo pigmentosa
- Dyskeratosis congenita (DKC)
- Who gets DKC
- Genetic causes of dyskeratosis congenita
- Genetic causes of dyskeratosis congenita (continued)
- Genetic causes of dyskeratosis congenita (continued)
- Why faulty telomeres cause disease
- Telomere shortening: from gene fault to disease
- How telomerase and its partner proteins protect chromosomes
- Skin and nail changes in DKC
- The skin and nail features of dyskeratosis congenita
- Early nail changes of dyskeratosis congenita
- Mouth, tooth, and eye findings in DKC
- Bone marrow failure and malignancy in DKC
- Other organs affected in DKC
- Pathology and diagnosis of DKC
- Comparing dyskeratosis congenita with Fanconi anemia
- Comparing dyskeratosis congenita with Fanconi anemia (continued)
- Fanconi anemia: a DKC look-alike
- Differential diagnosis and treatment of DKC
- Naegeli-Franceschetti-Jadassohn (NFJ) syndrome
- Mechanism and clinical picture of NFJ
- Pathology, differential, and treatment of NFJ
- Dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis (DPR)
- Dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis
- Pathology and differential of DPR
- X-linked reticulate pigmentary disorder
- Clinical picture: women vs men
- X-linked reticulate pigmentary disorder in a boy
- Pathology, differential, and treatment
- Dowling-Degos disease (DDD)
- Mechanism of Dowling-Degos disease
- Dowling-Degos disease in a skin fold
- Pathology, variants, and differential of DDD
- Treating Dowling-Degos disease
- Reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura (RAK)
- Pathology, differential, and treatment of RAK
Dyschromatoses
Disorders with BOTH extra pigment and pale patches side by side -- often in a fine, guttate (droplet-like) pattern
- What defines a dyschromatosis
- Dyschromic amyloidosis cutis
- A wider family of dyschromatoses
- A wider family of dyschromatoses (continued)
- A wider family of dyschromatoses (continued)
- A wider family of dyschromatoses (continued)
- A wider family of dyschromatoses (continued)
- A wider family of dyschromatoses (continued)
- A wider family of dyschromatoses (continued)
- Dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria (DSH)
- Genetics and course of DSH
- Dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria
- Differential diagnosis and treatment of DSH
- Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria (DUH)
- Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria
- Differential diagnosis and treatment of DUH
- Acquired brachial cutaneous dyschromatosis
- Key takeaways
- References
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
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- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- Dermatology, 5th Edition (2-Volume Set)