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Dermatology
Dermatoses Due to Plants
Built from Dermatology, 5th Edition
What’s inside
12 sections · 144 slides
Overview
- Scope of this topic
- The main categories of plant dermatoses
- Causes of chronic hand and finger dermatitis from plants
- Most common plant dermatoses at a glance
- Most common plant dermatoses (ACD = allergic contact dermatitis, ICD = irritant contact dermatitis)
- Most common plant dermatoses (ACD = allergic contact dermatitis, ICD = irritant contact dermatitis) (continued)
Botanical Aspects
How plants are named, identified, and patch tested
- Why plant names matter
- Poison ivy: same plant, new genus name
- Old and new botanical family names used in this topic
- The basic nomenclatural scheme for plants, using poison ivy as the example
- Identifying an unknown plant
- Patch testing for plant allergy
- Most common relevant botanical allergens and proposed screening tray
- Most common relevant botanical allergens and proposed screening tray (continued)
Immunologic Contact Urticaria
True IgE-mediated allergy to plant proteins
- What immunologic contact urticaria is
- How the reaction happens
- Clinical features
- Oral allergy syndrome
- Protein contact dermatitis
- Treatment
Toxin-Mediated Contact Urticaria
Non-allergic hives that anyone can get from stinging plants
- What toxin-mediated urticaria is
- Stinging nettle (Urtica dioica)
- How the sting works
- Stinging nettle habitat and trichomes
- Clinical course of a nettle sting
- The Dendrocnide trees of Australia
- The most common plants causing toxin-mediated urticaria
- What a biopsy shows
- Office testing methods
- Treatment
Mechanical Irritant Dermatitis
Physical injury from spines, thorns, and hooked hairs
- What mechanical irritant dermatitis is
- Common plants known to cause mechanical irritant reactions
- Common plants known to cause mechanical irritant reactions (continued)
- How cactus glochids cause trouble
- Prickly pears (Opuntia spp.) and their glochids
- Clinical features and infection risk
- Treatment
Chemical Irritant Dermatitis
Direct chemical injury from plant sap and crystals
- What chemical irritant dermatitis is
- Plants most commonly implicated in causing chemical irritant dermatitis
- Plants most commonly implicated in causing chemical irritant dermatitis (continued)
- Calcium oxalate: dumb cane and daffodils
- Calcium oxalate enhances other irritants
- Irritant reaction from garlic
- Spurges: latex-borne irritant chemicals
- Buttercups and chili peppers
- Chili burns
- The century plant (Agave americana)
Phytophotodermatitis
A plant chemical plus sunlight - a burn anyone can get
- What phytophotodermatitis is
- A long history
- Which plant families are most involved
- Recognizing Apiaceae by their flowers
- Apiaceae flower structure and cow parsnip
- Hogweed: a severe cause
- Important members of Apiaceae implicated in phototoxic reactions
- Important members of Apiaceae implicated in phototoxic reactions (continued)
- Rutaceae: the citrus family
- Phototoxic members of the family Rutaceae
- Phototoxic members of the family Rutaceae (continued)
- Other implicated families
- How furocoumarins injure the skin
- From sunlight exposure to lasting dark spots
- Why some celery is riskier
- Clinical timeline of the reaction
- Bullous phase of phytophotodermatitis
- Streaky hyperpigmentation
- Linear hyperpigmented streaks with inflammation
- Phytophotodermatitis from making guacamole
- Risk settings for phytophotodermatitis
- Risk activities for phytophotodermatitis
- Named patterns: strimmer and berlock dermatitis
- Can be mistaken for other conditions
- A key look-alike: allergic, not phototoxic
- Celery workers: a documented outbreak
- Phytophotoallergic contact dermatitis
- Treatment
Allergic Contact Dermatitis - Anacardiaceae
Poison ivy, poison oak, poison sumac, and their relatives
- Anacardiaceae: the leading cause of plant ACD
- House and garden plants that commonly cause dermatoses
- Identifying Toxicodendron plants
- Identifying poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac
- The black-spot test
- Poison ivy, oak, and sumac compared
- Most common allergenic Anacardiaceae, plus two cross-reacting families
- Most common allergenic Anacardiaceae, plus two cross-reacting families (continued)
- Geographic range of Toxicodendron species
- Other allergenic Anacardiaceae trees
- Allergic contact dermatitis due to mangos
- Catechols vs resorcinols - a key allergy difference
- The Japanese lacquer tree
- Cross-reactors: ginkgo and Grevillea
- Ginkgo leaves and seeds
- The chemistry of urushiol allergy
- How urushiol reaches the skin
- Timeline and appearance of the rash
- Why the rash seems to 'spread'
- Clinical manifestations of Anacardiaceae dermatitis
- Poison ivy dermatitis: vesicles and bullae
- Poison ivy dermatitis on the trunk
- Erythema multiforme as a complication
- Plants and plant products that can trigger erythema multiforme with severe ACD
- Black-spot poison ivy dermatitis
- Who reacts, and how strongly
- Washing off urushiol
- Treating the rash itself
- Systemic treatment
- Prevention and hyposensitization
Allergic Contact Dermatitis - Asteraceae
The daisy family: chrysanthemums, ragweed, and Parthenium
- Recognizing Asteraceae flowers
- Typical Asteraceae flower heads
- Some of the more than 200 allergenic members of Asteraceae worldwide
- Some of the more than 200 allergenic members of Asteraceae worldwide (continued)
- Some of the more than 200 allergenic members of Asteraceae worldwide (continued)
- Parthenium hysterophorus: a global spread
- Cross-reactors from other families
- Sesquiterpene lactones: the Asteraceae allergen
- Chrysanthemums: the top home-garden cause
- Airborne contact dermatitis (ABCD)
- Airborne contact dermatitis from Parthenium
- Ragweed and Parthenium clinical patterns
- Why Asteraceae allergy raises light sensitivity
- Shared treatment for Anacardiaceae and Asteraceae ACD
Other Plant Families Causing ACD
Garlic, tulips, Peruvian lilies, and tea tree oil
- Alliaceae: garlic and onion
- Tulip fingers
- Peruvian lily dermatitis
- Allergic contact dermatitis in a florist
- Tea tree oil allergy
- Botanical extracts in skin care products
Occupational Plant Dermatoses
Bakers, florists, food handlers, and outdoor workers
- Bakers and food processors
- Florists and horticulturalists
- Food handlers
- Outdoor workers
- Global perspective: plant dermatoses most commonly seen by dermatologists by country (ACD = allergic contact dermatitis, ICD = irritant contact dermatitis, MID = mechanical irritant dermatitis, PPD = phytophotodermatitis, TMU = toxin-mediated urticaria)
- Global perspective: plant dermatoses most commonly seen by dermatologists by country (ACD = allergic contact dermatitis, ICD = irritant contact dermatitis, MID = mechanical irritant dermatitis, PPD = phytophotodermatitis, TMU = toxin-mediated urticaria) (continued)
Dermatoses Erroneously Ascribed to Plants
Reactions caused by fungi, algae, and hitchhiking organisms
- Organisms that are neither plant nor animal
- Lichen dermatitis
- Chlorella and seaweed reactions
- Pseudo-phytodermatitis from hitchhikers
- Key takeaways
- References
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- Dermatology, 5th Edition (2-Volume Set)