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Anaesthesiology
Rare Coexisting Diseases
Built from Barash Clinical Anesthesia, 9th Edition
What’s inside
8 sections · 194 slides
Overview
- Disease groups covered
- Recurring perioperative themes
Musculoskeletal Diseases
- Muscular dystrophy: definition and basis
- Muscle cell cytoskeleton
- Types of muscular dystrophy and congenital myopathies
- Types of muscular dystrophy and congenital myopathies (continued)
- Pattern of muscle weakness in the muscular dystrophies
- Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- Emery-Dreifuss and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy
- Congenital muscular dystrophy and congenital myopathy
- Anesthetic management of muscular dystrophy
- Suxamethonium and volatile agents in muscular dystrophy
- Hyperkalaemic cardiac arrest after suxamethonium
- Myotonic dystrophy: definition
- Classification of myotonic dystrophy
- Myotonic dystrophy type 1
- Cardiac disease in myotonic dystrophy type 1
- Anesthetic management of myotonic dystrophy
- Skeletal muscle channelopathies
- Skeletal muscle channelopathies
- Hyperkalaemic periodic paralysis
- Clinical features of familial periodic paralysis
- Clinical features of familial periodic paralysis (continued)
- Anesthetic management of the channelopathies
- Relaxants and malignant hyperthermia risk in channelopathies
- Myasthenia gravis: definition and epidemiology
- Clinical features of myasthenia gravis
- Clinical presentations of myasthenia gravis
- Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America clinical classification
- Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America clinical classification (continued)
- Anesthetic concerns in myasthenia gravis
- Dose-response for vecuronium in myasthenia gravis
- Choice of technique in myasthenia gravis
- Predictors of postoperative ventilation and extubation criteria
- Myasthenic syndrome: definition
- Comparison of myasthenic syndrome and myasthenia gravis
- Distinguishing myasthenic syndrome from myasthenia gravis
- Guillain-Barre syndrome: definition
- Anesthetic management of Guillain-Barre syndrome
Central Nervous System Disease
- Multiple sclerosis: definition and mechanism
- Anesthesia and the course of multiple sclerosis
- Epilepsy: definition
- Grand mal, focal cortical and absence seizures
- Antiepileptic drug therapy
- Antiepileptic drugs classified by mechanism of action
- Antiepileptic drugs classified by mechanism of action (continued)
- Antiepileptic drugs classified by mechanism of action (continued)
- Anesthetic management in epilepsy
- The amyloid cascade in Alzheimer disease
- Anesthesia and postoperative cognitive dysfunction
- Anesthetic technique in Alzheimer disease
- Parkinson disease: cause and clinical signs
- Drug treatment of Parkinson disease
- Preoperative dopaminergic therapy in Parkinson disease
- Intraoperative management of Parkinson disease
- Huntington disease: genetics and pathology
- Anesthetic management of Huntington disease
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: mechanism
- Clinical presentation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- Anesthetic management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: the prion
- Anesthetic precautions in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Other Inherited Disorders
- Malignant hyperthermia: definition
- Mechanism of malignant hyperthermia
- Excitation-contraction coupling and malignant hyperthermia
- Early signs of a malignant hyperthermia episode
- Malignant hyperthermia clinical grading scale
- Malignant hyperthermia clinical grading scale (continued)
- Malignant hyperthermia clinical grading scale (continued)
- Immediate response to a malignant hyperthermia crisis
- Dantrolene in malignant hyperthermia
- Treatment of an acute episode of malignant hyperthermia
- Treatment of an acute episode of malignant hyperthermia (continued)
- Preparing for the susceptible patient
- Safe versus unsafe drugs in malignant hyperthermia
- Safe versus unsafe drugs in malignant hyperthermia (continued)
- Porphyrias: definition
- Classification of the porphyrias
- Classification of porphyrias
- Classification of porphyrias (continued)
- Features of an acute porphyric crisis
- Presentation of an acute crisis of acute porphyria
- Presentation of an acute crisis of acute porphyria (continued)
- Presentation of an acute crisis of acute porphyria (continued)
- Drug safety in porphyria
- Pseudocholinesterase: what it does
- Clinical consequence of pseudocholinesterase deficiency
- Dibucaine number
- Interpreting the dibucaine number
- Classic cholinesterase genotypes
- Anesthetic management of cholinesterase deficiency
- Glycogen storage diseases: definition
- Three critical consequences of glycogen storage disease
- Pathway of glycogen synthesis and degradation
- Classification of glycogen storage diseases
- Classification of glycogen storage diseases, continued
- Type I: Von Gierke disease
- Anesthetic management of Von Gierke disease
- Type II: Pompe disease
- Anesthetic risk in infantile Pompe disease
- Anesthetic concerns in type III glycogen storage disease
- Type V: McArdle disease
- Anesthetic management of McArdle disease
- Types VI, VII and IX glycogen storage disease
- Mucopolysaccharidoses: definition
- General features of the mucopolysaccharidoses
- Classification of the mucopolysaccharidoses
- Classification of the mucopolysaccharidoses, continued
- Airway management in the mucopolysaccharidoses
- Osteogenesis imperfecta: definition
- Systemic features of osteogenesis imperfecta
- Anesthetic considerations in osteogenesis imperfecta
- Preoperative assessment in osteogenesis imperfecta
- Anesthetic technique in osteogenesis imperfecta
Anemias
- Anemia: definition and perioperative importance
- Types of anemia
- Types of anemia (continued)
- Compensatory mechanisms to increase oxygen delivery with chronic anemia
- Iron deficiency anemia
- Folate and vitamin B12 deficiency anemia
- Hemolytic anemia: definition
- Hereditary spherocytosis: features
- Splenectomy in hereditary spherocytosis
- Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
- Drugs that can produce hemolysis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
- Drugs that can produce hemolysis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (continued)
- Drugs that can produce hemolysis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (continued)
- Pyruvate kinase deficiency
- Hemolytic transfusion reactions
- Hemoglobinopathies: definition
- Hemoglobin variants
- Sickle cell disease: genetics and mechanism
- How sickling happens
- Mechanisms of cellular and tissue injury in sickle cell disease
- Mechanisms of cellular and tissue injury in sickle cell disease (continued)
- Sickle cell trait versus sickle cell disease
- Acute chest syndrome
- Complications of sickle cell disease
- Complications of sickle cell disease (continued)
- Preoperative evaluation in sickle cell disease
- Intraoperative management of sickle cell disease
- Thalassemia: mechanism
- Anesthetic management of thalassemia
Connective Tissue Diseases
- Rheumatoid arthritis: features
- Extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis
- Preoperative evaluation in rheumatoid arthritis
- Cervical spine MRI in rheumatoid arthritis
- Cervical spine instability in rheumatoid arthritis
- Adverse effects of drugs used to treat connective tissue diseases
- Adverse effects of drugs used to treat connective tissue diseases (continued)
- Adverse effects of drugs used to treat connective tissue diseases (continued)
- Adverse effects of drugs used to treat connective tissue diseases (continued)
- Systemic lupus erythematosus: definition
- Cardiovascular manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus
- Systemic sclerosis: definition and mechanism
- Vascular access and airway in systemic sclerosis
- Aspiration risk in systemic sclerosis
- Regional anesthesia in systemic sclerosis
- Inflammatory myopathies: definition
- Rocuronium and sugammadex in dermatomyositis
Skin Disorders
- Epidermolysis bullosa: mechanism
- Ultrastructure of the skin zones in epidermolysis bullosa
- Subtypes classified by level of skin separation
- Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
- Blistering and pseudosyndactyly in epidermolysis bullosa
- Protecting the skin during anesthesia
- Airway management in epidermolysis bullosa
- Pemphigus: definition
- Anesthetic management of pemphigus
Summary and Key Points
- Key points: muscle and neuromuscular junction
- Key points: nervous system and inherited disorders
- Key points: blood, connective tissue and skin
- Drugs to approach with caution across these diseases
- A general approach to the rare coexisting disease
- References
- References (continued)
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- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- Barash, Cullen, and Stoelting's Clinical Anesthesia, 9th Edition