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Orthopaedics
Malleolar Fractures of the Ankle (AO Based)
Built from AO Surgery Reference: Orthopedic Trauma, Adult Trauma (AO Foundation)
What’s inside
2 sections · 102 slides
Overview
- Introduction
- Scope of malleolar fractures
- Anatomy and mechanism of injury
- Ligaments of the ankle mortise
- Ligaments of the ankle mortise
- Nerves and vessels at risk
- Nerves and vessels at risk
- Supination-external rotation sequence
- Supination-external rotation sequence
- Supination-adduction and pronation injuries
- Radiographic assessment
- Initial radiographs and displacement
- Initial radiographs and displacement
- Named avulsion and posterior fragments
- Named avulsion and posterior fragments
- Mortise view: landmarks of reduction
- Mortise view: landmarks of reduction
- Lateral view and intraoperative 3-D imaging
- Lateral view and intraoperative 3-D imaging
- AO/OTA classification
- Type 44A: infrasyndesmotic injuries
- Type 44A: infrasyndesmotic injuries
- Type 44B1 and B2: transsyndesmotic
- Type 44B1 and B2: transsyndesmotic
- Type 44B2.3 and B3: transsyndesmotic
- Type 44C: suprasyndesmotic
- Type 44C: suprasyndesmotic
- AO/OTA groups and Lauge-Hansen stages
- AO/OTA type tree for the malleoli
- Fracture types as drawn by AO
- Fracture types as drawn by AO (cont.)
- Fracture types as drawn by AO (cont.)
- General principles of treatment
- Stability and choice of treatment
- Stability and choice of treatment
- General decision logic
- General decision logic
- Infrasyndesmotic fractures (44A)
- Treatment options: isolated lateral (44A1)
- Treatment options: isolated lateral (44A1) (cont.)
- Functional treatment of lateral injuries
- Functional treatment of lateral injuries
- Treatment options: 44A2 and 44A3
- Treatment options: 44A2 and 44A3 (cont.)
- Medial malleolus with impacted corner
- Medial malleolus with impacted corner
- Cerclage compression wiring of the fibula
- Cerclage compression wiring of the fibula
- Transsyndesmotic fractures (44B)
- Treatment options: lateral isolated (44B1)
- Treatment options: lateral isolated (44B1) (cont.)
- Lag screw and neutralization plate
- Lag screw and neutralization plate
- Antiglide and bridging plates
- Antiglide and bridging plates
- Treatment options: 44B2 and 44B3
- Treatment options: 44B2 and 44B3
- 44B2.1: fibula with deltoid rupture
- 44B2.1: fibula with deltoid rupture
- 44B3: order of fixation
- 44B3: order of fixation
- Volkmann fragment: anterior vs posterior
- Volkmann fragment: anterior vs posterior
- Suprasyndesmotic fractures (44C)
- Treatment options: 44C fractures
- Treatment options: 44C fractures (cont.)
- Order of fixation in 44C1 and C2
- Order of fixation in 44C1 and C2
- 44C3: proximal fibular fracture
- 44C3: proximal fibular fracture
- Fibulo-tibial positioning screw
- Fibulo-tibial positioning screw
- Syndesmotic screws: debates and pitfalls
- Syndesmotic screws: debates and pitfalls
- Positioning and surgical approaches
- Patient positioning
- Patient positioning
- Lateral approach to the malleoli
- Lateral approach to the malleoli
- Medial and posteromedial approaches
- Medial and posteromedial approaches
- Posterolateral approach to the Volkmann
- Posterolateral approach to the Volkmann
- Joint-bridging external fixation
- Joint-bridging external fixation
Closed treatment, aftercare, complications
- Closed reduction of a type B fracture
- Closed reduction of a type B fracture
- Cast application and cast aftercare
- Cast application and cast aftercare
- Postoperative care: type A/B vs type C
- Complications named by AO
- Complications named by AO
- Selected references from the AO list
- Take-home messages
- References (1 of 6)
- References (2 of 6)
- References (3 of 6)
- References (4 of 6)
- References (5 of 6)
- References (6 of 6)
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